What is DPD (Days Past Due)?
DPD (Days Past Due) is the number of days a loan or credit card payment has stayed unpaid after its due date. If an EMI due on the 5th is still unpaid on the 20th, the account is 15 DPD. Lenders group accounts into DPD buckets to decide collections action. DPD history is reported to credit bureaus and shows up on your credit report.
DPD yaani Days Past Due: EMI ki due date ke baad kitne din tak payment nahi hua. Jaise EMI 5 tarikh ko due thi aur 20 tarikh tak nahi bhari, to DPD 15 hai. DPD credit report (CIBIL) par dikhta hai, isliye time par EMI bharna zaroori hai.
DPD buckets
Lenders group overdue accounts into buckets, typically 1-30, 31-60, 61-90 and 90+ days, and act differently in each: soft reminders and payment links early on, then calling and promise-to-pay follow-up, then intensive recovery. The buckets line up with RBI's classification, where 1-30 days is SMA-0, 31-60 is SMA-1, 61-90 is SMA-2 and more than 90 is NPA. Details: SMA-0, SMA-1, SMA-2 and NPA. To work out a date and bucket for a real loan, use the DPD & SMA calculator.
How DPD affects your credit score
Lenders report DPD to credit bureaus every month. Even one 30+ DPD entry pulls the score down and stays in the payment history. Clearing dues brings DPD back to zero from then on, but the past entries remain in the history.
How lenders manage DPD
Most accounts that slip into 1-30 DPD cure themselves after a reminder. The work is contacting everyone early and politely, capturing a promise-to-pay, and following up on the promised date, within RBI's fair-practice rules on calling hours and conduct. This is where AI voice agents and a loan management system with bucket-wise workflows help. Longer read: AI voice agents for collections.
Common questions
What is DPD in loans?
Days Past Due: how many days a loan payment has been overdue after the due date.
What does 30 DPD mean?
The payment is 30 days overdue. In RBI's classification, 1-30 days overdue is SMA-0.
After how many DPD does a loan become NPA?
When principal or interest stays overdue for more than 90 days.
DPD kya hota hai?
DPD ka matlab hai EMI ki due date ke baad kitne din se payment baaki hai. Yeh CIBIL report mein dikhta hai.
Related
ZyroAI products for this: Loan Management System · Voice AI Agents (Ziya).
Written by the ZyroAI team for people building in Indian BFSI. Regulatory rules change, so for binding requirements check the current RBI, NPCI, UIDAI or relevant regulator circular. Last updated 2026-09-24.