Is money deducted with UPI error U51?

NPCI's list doesn't say at which step this code is raised. Most failed UPI payments are not debited; check your statement. If you were debited and the payment failed, the money is due back by T+1 for a transfer to a person, or T+5 for a payment to a merchant.

UPI error codes / U51

UPI response code

UPI error U51: Request refund not found

Official NPCI descriptionREQUEST REFUND IS NOT FOUND TECHNICAL

Raised by: NPCI UPI switch. Source: NPCI, UPI Error and Response Codes v2.9, section 4.4, errors from the UPI service layer.

What it means

NPCI's switch couldn't find the refund request referred to.

Was money deducted?

NPCI's list doesn't say at which step this code is raised. Most failed UPI payments are not debited; check your statement.

When does the money come back?

If you were debited and the payment failed, the money is due back by T+1 for a transfer to a person, or T+5 for a payment to a merchant.

Which side caused it?

NPCI's UPI switch.

Type of decline

Technical: a system didn't respond or failed.

If money left your account. Under RBI's turnaround-time rules (circular DPSS.CO.PD No.629/02.01.014/2019-20, 20 September 2019), if your account is debited but the payment fails, the money must come back by the next working day (T+1) for a transfer to a person, or within T+5 days for a payment to a merchant. After that the bank owes you ₹100 for every day of delay.

What you should do

If you are waiting for a refund from a merchant, ask the merchant for the refund reference.

If you are a merchant, bank or PSP

Check the original transaction reference in your refund request.

UPI error U51 kya hai?

U51 ka matlab hai refund request nahi mili.

If it still isn't sorted

Raise a complaint inside your UPI app. Every UPI app has a help or dispute option on the transaction, and it goes into NPCI's online dispute system. Keep the UPI transaction ID or RRN handy.
If the app doesn't resolve it, contact your bank's grievance desk with the same reference.
If your bank hasn't replied within 30 days, or you're not happy with the reply, complain to the RBI Ombudsman at cms.rbi.org.in. It's free.

Technical or business decline?

NPCI splits declines into two kinds. A technical decline means a system didn't respond or failed: a bank offline, a timeout, a switch error. A business decline means the systems worked and said no, for a reason about the account or the payment: wrong PIN, not enough money, a limit, a risk check. Retrying helps with some technical declines and almost never with business ones.

See all 216 UPI error codes →